Interpretation of several opinions on accelerating the development of new building industrialization

 

General secretary Xi Jinping attached great importance to the construction of ecological civilization and green development. Many times stressed that the construction of ecological civilization is the fundamental plan for the sustainable development of the Chinese nation. In order to implement Xi Jinping’s ecological civilization thought and the nineteen spirit of the party, promote the green development and quality development of urban and rural construction, promote the transformation and upgrading of the construction industry and create the internationally competitive “China Construction” brand, the 9 departments of the Ministry of housing and urban rural construction jointly issued the “opinions on accelerating the industrialization of new construction” recently. (hereinafter referred to as “several opinions”). Several opinions are important documents to guide the development of new building industrialization, improve the construction level and quality, and drive the comprehensive transformation and upgrading of the construction industry at present and in the future. We should earnestly implement them.

 

1、 Background of several opinions

Since the reform and opening up, China’s construction industry has played an important role in promoting social and economic development, urban and rural construction and improving the living environment. However, due to the extensive construction mode, it also brings a large number of problems, such as waste of resources and energy, environmental pollution, common quality problems, potential safety hazards and so on. Compared with the people’s growing needs for a better life, the construction industry still has huge development space in scientific and technological innovation, improving efficiency, improving quality, reducing pollution and emissions.

 

Promoting the industrialization of new buildings comes down in one continuous line with the modernization of construction industry and prefabricated buildings. New building industrialization is based on the achievements of industrialization development, integrates modern information technology, comprehensively improves the project quality, performance and quality through lean and intelligent production and construction, and achieves the development goal of high efficiency, high quality, low consumption and low emission.

 

Since the general office of the State Council issued the guidance on vigorously developing prefabricated buildings in 2016, the industrialization of new buildings represented by prefabricated buildings has been promoted rapidly, and the construction level and construction quality have been significantly improved. According to the overall deployment of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, the Ministry of housing and urban rural development has steadily promoted the development of prefabricated buildings, guided all localities to introduce relevant policies and measures, and successively prepared standards and specifications such as technical standards for prefabricated concrete buildings, technical standards for prefabricated steel structure buildings, technical standards for prefabricated wood structure buildings and evaluation standards for prefabricated buildings, The prefabricated building technology system is becoming more and more mature. By identifying a large number of prefabricated building demonstration cities and industrial bases and building pilot demonstration projects of a certain scale, a good development foundation has been laid for comprehensively promoting the industrialization of new buildings.

 

However, compared with developed countries and green development requirements, there are still great gaps and deficiencies. First, high consumption. The annual consumption of cement, glass and steel for housing construction alone accounts for about 40% of the global total consumption, and the energy consumption per unit area of heating in the north is twice that in Germany. Second, high emissions. The annual emission of construction waste alone reached more than 2 billion tons, accounting for 40% of the total amount of urban solid waste. The carbon emission of construction increased rapidly year by year. Third, low efficiency. According to relevant statistics, the construction labor productivity is only about 2 / 3 of that of developed countries, and the degree of mechanization, informatization and intelligence of the construction industry is not high. Fourth, low quality. Overall, the construction is not fine enough, and the problems of water leakage and sound insulation are still prominent. Therefore, we must speed up the industrialization of new construction, solve the existing problems, and implement the general secretary Xi Jinping’s work requirements for the Ministry of housing and urban rural development, so as to promote the high quality development of green buildings.

 

2、 Significance of several opinions

The development of new building industrialization is the main measure of green development and low-carbon circular development in the field of urban and rural construction. It is not only an important means of stabilizing growth, promoting reform and adjusting structure, but also the internal requirement of building a “double engine” of economic development. It is of great and far-reaching significance in comprehensively promoting the construction of ecological civilization and accelerating the process of new urbanization.

 

（1） Developing new building industrialization is an important measure to implement the decision-making and deployment of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council. Although significant progress has been made in the development of new building industrialization in China, there is still a large gap compared with the needs of building a well-off society in an all-round way and the requirements of green ecological development, especially the lack of deep integration with modern advanced industrialization and informatization. There is an urgent need to make up for shortcomings and accelerate the transformation and upgrading of the construction field. Therefore, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council have made it clear in several policy documents that we should accelerate the development of new construction industrialization. The main purpose is to strive to build a Chinese construction brand in international competition while promoting high-quality development and promoting domestic investment and consumption.

 

（2） The development of new building industrialization is a powerful starting point for promoting energy conservation and emission reduction in the field of construction. At present, the extensive situation of China’s economic development mode has not fundamentally changed. As far as the construction industry is concerned, the on-site pouring (masonry) construction has brought the problems of low resource and energy utilization efficiency, large emission of construction waste, serious dust and noise environmental pollution, and no guarantee of project quality and safety. In terms of building materials consumption, the steel and cement with the largest consumption in the construction industry are high energy consuming products. The total production of steel and cement in China has ranked first in the world for many years, and the recycling proportion of building materials is very low. If the construction industry does not carry out transformation and development, the excessive consumption and waste of resources and energy caused by traditional construction methods will continue, and the contradiction between economic growth and resources and energy will become more prominent, which greatly restricts sustainable development. The effectiveness of prefabricated construction in energy saving, material saving, water saving and emission reduction has been proved in practical projects. Relevant research data show that compared with the traditional method, the prefabricated concrete construction project can reduce the discharge of construction waste by 70%, save wood by 60%, save cement mortar by 55% and reduce the consumption of water resources by 25%. More importantly, prefabricated buildings can fundamentally change the “dirty, messy and poor” situation of the construction site, effectively reduce air pollution and construction waste emission during construction, minimize environmental pollution such as dust and noise, and help improve the urban environment and the construction of ecological civilization.

 

（3） Developing new building industrialization is an important measure to promote the current stable economic growth. Since the reform and opening up, the proportion of added value of China’s construction industry in GDP has increased from 3.8% to more than 7.0%, becoming an important pillar industry driving national economic growth. At present, China’s economic growth has shifted from high speed to medium and high speed, and the downward pressure on the economy has increased. It is urgent for the construction industry to provide a stronger driving force for development. The development of new building industrialization is conducive to the birth of many new industries, including the whole process consulting service industry, parts and components production enterprises, special equipment production enterprises, corresponding logistics transportation, assembly decoration and other new industries, lengthen the industrial chain, promote industrial reengineering and increase employment, and drive the professional and refined development of the industry. Second, it is conducive to stimulating investment, including large investment in plant construction and the deep integration of information industry and construction industry, which can drive a large amount of social investment into the construction industry. Third, it is conducive to improving consumer demand, including the development of assembly decoration, integrated kitchen and toilet, the application of four new technologies and products and other upgrading technologies, which will help to stimulate residents’ consumption. Fourth, it is conducive to driving local economic development. From the development experience of national prefabricated building pilot demonstration cities, it has effectively promoted regional economic growth by building “a region”, introducing “a group of enterprises”, creating “a group of projects” and forming “a series of growth points”. Taking prefabricated buildings as an example, according to preliminary calculation, the newly started prefabricated building area in 2019 is 420 million square meters, driving social investment of nearly 3 trillion yuan.

 

（4） Developing new building industrialization is an effective way to drive technological progress and improve production efficiency. In recent years, with the development of urbanization, the labor force engaged in the construction industry is decreasing year by year, the shortage of high-quality construction workers is becoming more and more prominent, and the “hard constraint” of the development of the construction industry is intensifying. On the one hand, the labor price is rising. On the other hand, the traditional construction method is extensive and the labor efficiency is low. The development of new building industrialization involves the whole process, whole elements and whole system, such as design standardization, production industrialization, construction assembly, management informatization and intelligent application. The development of prefabricated buildings should follow the connotative and intensive development path of relying on scientific and technological progress, improving the quality of workers and innovating management mode. Through the transformation and upgrading of construction methods, reduce labor intensity, improve production and construction efficiency, break through the bottleneck of construction industry development and comprehensively improve the level of project construction.

 

（5） Developing new building industrialization is an effective way to enhance the international competitiveness of the construction industry. Since joining the world trade organization, China’s construction industry has been deeply integrated into the international market. In the context of economic globalization, while consolidating the domestic market share, we should actively “go out” to participate in the global division of labor, participate in international competition in a wider range, more fields and higher levels, and use the resources of the global construction market to serve our own development. The premise of “going out” is to enhance the core competitiveness.

 

The development of new building industrialization can completely change the previous competition mode of low construction technology level, low scientific and technological content and simple labor cost, closely combine the industrial production and construction process with informatization, apply a large number of new technologies, new materials and new equipment, emphasize scientific and technological progress and management mode innovation, and pay attention to improving the quality of workers, Pay attention to shaping the enterprise brand and image, so as to form the core competitiveness and first mover advantage of the enterprise. The development of new-type construction industrialization will promote enterprises to practice their internal skills, seize the international market with capital, technology and management advantages, rely on EPC business to drive the export of domestic equipment and materials, and take the lead in the process of participating in economic globalization competition.

 

（6） Developing new building industrialization is the only way to comprehensively improve housing quality and quality. New urbanization is people-centered urbanization, and housing is the biggest livelihood problem of the people. Developing new building industrialization, replacing traditional construction with part manufacturing and manual masonry with assembly operation can greatly reduce construction errors and human errors, effectively solve common systemic quality problems, reduce maintenance costs in the later stage of construction and prolong the service life of buildings. Assembly construction can comprehensively improve the quality and performance of housing and enable the people to share the fruits of reform and development. Taking Beijing as an example, the common problems of decoration quality of public rental housing projects with assembly construction and assembly decoration in Beijing are significantly reduced compared with traditional decoration projects, and the indoor maintenance application rate has decreased by 70%.

 

3、 Fully implement the key tasks of the “several opinions”

According to the requirements of several opinions, the development of new building industrialization is a complex system engineering, and the following work should be carried out: first, strengthen systematic integrated design and standardized design, and promote the coordination of the whole industrial chain; Second, optimize the production of components and parts, and promote the application of green building materials; Third, vigorously develop steel structure buildings, promote prefabricated concrete buildings, promote full decoration of buildings, and promote lean construction; Fourth, accelerate the integrated development of information technology, vigorously promote BIM Technology, big data technology and Internet of things technology, and develop intelligent construction; Fifth, innovate the organization and management mode, vigorously promote the general contracting mode, develop the whole process engineering consultation, and establish the user supervision mechanism; Sixth, strengthen scientific and technological support, cultivate scientific and technological innovation bases, and strengthen scientific and technological R & D; Seventh, accelerate the cultivation of professional talents, cultivate professional technical management talents and skilled industrial workers; Eighth, carry out the evaluation of new building industrialization projects; Ninth, strengthen project implementation, and increase policy support in finance, environmental protection, science and technology promotion, award and excellence.

 

The introduction of several opinions points out the direction for us to continue to promote the industrialization of new buildings. It is hoped that the whole industry will seriously study and deeply understand the spirit of the document, truly implement the tasks put forward in the several opinions, and promote the high-quality and healthy development of the construction industry. (Wen Linfeng, deputy director of science, technology and industrialization development center of the Ministry of housing and urban rural development)

 

来源： 住房城乡建设部网站